Brushless DC motors (BLDC) are widely used in household appliances, industrial equipment, drones, and electric vehicles due to their high efficiency, low noise, and long lifespan. Choosing the right motor model and parameters is crucial to ensure optimal device performance. This article introduces common BLDC motor models and key parameters, providing a reference for selection and application.
Basic Types of BLDC Motors
BLDC motors are mainly divided into inner rotor and outer rotor types. Inner rotor motors have a compact structure with the rotor located at the center, suitable for applications requiring high speed and fast response, such as drones and high-speed fans. Outer rotor motors have the rotor wrapped around the stator, offering higher inertia, suitable for low-speed, high-torque applications like electric bicycles and power tools. Understanding the motor type helps determine installation methods and drive requirements.
Common Model Categories
BLDC motor models are usually indicated by diameter and length, such as BLDC 2208, BLDC 2830, BLDC 3548.
BLDC 2208: Used in small fans and portable devices, high speed but low power.
BLDC 2830: Applied in small to medium drones and power tools, balancing speed and torque.
BLDC 3548: Suitable for industrial equipment or high-power drones, providing high torque and stable output.
Selecting the right model should consider device power requirements, available space, and operating environment.
Key Parameter Analysis
When choosing a BLDC motor, the main parameters include:
Rated Voltage (V)
Rated voltage determines the required power supply. BLDC motors typically range from 3V to 48V. Too low voltage may cause insufficient output, while too high voltage can damage the motor.
Rated Speed (RPM)
Speed determines the mechanical output rate. High-speed applications like fans or drones require motors with high RPM, while lifting devices or electric vehicles prefer low-speed, high-torque motors.
Rated Current (A)
Current reflects load capacity. A higher rated current indicates stronger load capability. Drive circuits must be designed to match motor current.
Output Power (W)
Power relates to torque and speed, representing the motor’s driving ability. Selecting appropriate power ensures stable operation.
Torque (mN·m or N·m)
Torque reflects the motor’s rotational capability. Low-speed applications require high torque, whereas high-speed applications can use lower torque models.
Motor Dimensions
Dimensions include diameter, length, and shaft size, affecting installation and fit. Common sizes include 22mm×08mm, 28mm×30mm, and 35mm×48mm.
Model Selection Recommendations
When selecting a BLDC motor, core parameters such as power requirements, speed range, working voltage, and load characteristics must be considered. Small portable devices typically use low-power, high-speed motors, while industrial equipment or electric vehicles prefer high-power, high-torque models. Properly matching motor parameters improves device performance and extends motor lifespan.
Conclusion
BLDC motors, with their high efficiency, low noise, and long service life, are essential power sources in modern electronics and industrial equipment. Understanding common models and key parameters—such as voltage, speed, current, power, torque, and dimensions—is fundamental for proper motor selection. Choosing the right motor ensures efficient, stable operation and extends service life. For engineers and designers, mastering BLDC motor models and parameters is crucial for optimizing device performance and designing reliable systems.